18 Types of Dressing of stones | Masonry finish dressed stones
In this post, we will discuss different types of Dressing of stones after Quarrying stones from the rocks it is necessary to give proper size and shape to the stone to serve their purposes in construction.
There are 18 Types of Dressing of stones with their respective finishes we will discuss in detail:
What is Dressed or Dressing of stones:
The stones should be cut in appropriate sizes and on appropriate surfaces after quarrying. This process is called the dressing of stones.
It is carried out for the following purposes:
(1) To obtain the desired appearance from the Stone Age,
(2) to make transport by quarry easy and economical,
(3) in accordance with the requirements of masonry stone;
( 4) To take advantage of loca] men near quarry who are trained for such type of work, etc.
As for the workplace, dressing can be classified into two types: quarry dressing and site dressing.
Following are the Advantages :
(I) The quarry site, it is possible to get cheap labor for the process of dressing of stones.
(2) It is possible to sort out stones for different works if quarry dressing is practiced.
(3) The irregular and rough parts of the arc of the stone are removed, which may reduces the weight of the stones, and it facilitates the easy transport of the stones.
(4) The natural bed surface of the stones may be accentuated during quarry dressing.
(5) Stones contain quarry sap when newly mined and are therefore relatively soft and can be easily worn.
Following are the various finishes obtained by the dressing of stones:
(1)Axed Finish:
Surfaces of hard stone such as granite are dressed by means of an ax. Such a finish is termed an axed finish.
(2) Boasted Or Droved Finish:
In this type of finish, a boaster is used to making noncontinuous parallel marks on the stone surface as shown in fig. 1-11. These marks may be horizontal, inclined or vertical. A boaster is a chisel having an edge of the width of about 60 mm.
(3) Chisel-Draughted Margins:
To obtain uniform joints in the Stone Age, the edges can be placed into a class or pitch or chamfered.
(4) Circular Finish:
In this type of finish, the surface of the stone is made round or circular as in the case of a column.
For better Understanding Watch the video given below:
(5) Dragged Or Combed Finish:
In this type of finish, a drag or comb of steel with several teeth is rubbed on the surface in all directions and surfaces, as shown in fig. 1-12, is obtained. This finish is only suitable for soft stones.
(6) Furrowed Finish:
In this type of finish, the margin of about 20 mm, sinks in all the edges of the stone, and the central part is about 15 mm. Several vertical or horizontal grooves of about 10 mm wide were created in this projected portion as shown in Fig. 2. This finish is usually adapted to make the quince major.
(7) Moulded Finish:
The stone surface can be molded into any desired shape to improve the appearance of the work. Work moldings can be done by hand or machine.
(8) Hammer-Dressed Finish:
In this type of finish, stones are made roughly square or rectangular by means of a walker’s hammer.
(9) Plain Finish:
In this type of finish, the surface of the stone is made approximately smooth with a saw or with a chisel.
(10) Polished Finish:
Marble pellets, granites, etc., can be polished by hand or by machine. On the stone surface, depressions are done using a punch. The stone surface takes the form of a series of hollows and ridges.
(12) Rubbed Finish:
This type of finish is obtained by rubbing the surface with a piece of stone or rubbing the surface with the help of a suitable machine. Water and sand are used freely to speed up the rubbing process.
(13) Scabbling Finish:
In this type of finish, irregular projections are removed with a scrambling hammer and in this way, stones are roughly dressed.
(14) Reticulated Finish:
This type of finish gives a net-like appearance. A margin of about 20 mm wide is marked on the stone edges and irregular sinking is done in the enclosed space.
An edge of about 10mm wide is provided around the irregularly shaped sink, which is about 5mm deep. A tapered device is used to place marks on the submerged surface, thereby presenting a pock-marked appearance.
(15) Tooled Finish:
The Stone surface is finished by means of a chisel and parallel continuous marks, either horizontal or inclined or vertical, are left on the surface.
(16) Self-Faced or Rock-Faced or Quarry-Faced Finish:
Some stones, as obtained from the quarry, possess a smooth surface and can be directly placed on the work. Such a stone surface is termed a self-faced or rock-faced or quarry faced finish.
(17) Sunk Finish:
This finish is achieved by sinking the surface below the root in the form of wide grooves, champers, inclined surfaces, etc.
(18) Vermiculated Finish:
This finish is just similar to the reticulated type except that the singalongs are more curved. This finish presents a worm-eaten appearance.
Also read: Deterioration of stones
Conclusion: